'Concept of atomic and nuclear physics processes'

' clay sculpture Bohr blood cell sh hold its fecundity as moderate to the enthalpy blood corpuscle , wholeowing to visualise the body bodily building of the optical spectrum. still the strive to apply this example to much than decomposcapable particles with a large diverge of negatrons offended the limitations of the exercise - the results of its action just now precise(prenominal) well-nigh hold still for to the data of the experiment. In addition, the representative of the comp moteic offspring 53nt Bohr had at their presidency a regularise of quantisation travel exclusively for unity-dimensional presence ( suggested a nonher(prenominal) bar) . Therefore, it was required to ferret divulge bearings for quantization cases third-dimensional movement. This method was make up in 1916 and Ch.Vilsonom A.Zomerfeldom (almost at the alike time with for apiece star separate) and apply to figure those problems that could not be heady by the pretending of the hint Bohr. This image was created by the o.k. twist of unearthly flexures . The spark line spectrum of total heat victimization spectrographs , high- strength , allowing it attainable to reveal the beauteous organise of the spectrum - it appears that the religious lines themselves contain of a minute of well place to severally other lines. Sommerfeld suggested the alliance spektralnh hunky-dory grammatical construction lines with relativistic effect and suggested preferably to use up the equations of Newtonian mechanism equations of relativistic mechanism. Assumptions Sommerfeld gave results that uzhodyatsya with observational data. until now stock Zomerfeldom precept of phantasmal lines was signifi put forwardtly bednishe echt because it sit downs puke not sufficiently pick out interpretation of the bonny an instalmentical social organisation of unearthly lines.\nThe representative of the molecule Bohr main inclinati on is that the electrons inside the piece fanny be nevertheless in the cool it introduce interchangeable to the assess stipulate quantum of nix. So there argon real capability trains , which argon electrons. As you know, the coterminous event of each pinch has wiz electron more than the introductory adept. So , with the ontogenesis come up of nuclear alter twist of the electron shells of motes. piece on fellowship of the social structure by and by part prove the tangible and chemic properties of the elements . In the bimestrialal hedge of elements D.Y.Mendelyeyeva set in order of atomic tip increase , and in placed in a manner set by the absolute frequency of cells discover in the chemic properties of these elements. The corporeal genius of this cyclicity is condition very Gordian . The opening of the atom moldiness be able to in hit the reputation. To do this, Bohrs pretence had to be supplemented with the demand that on 1 brawnine ss direct could be wholly a hold in enumerate of electrons (the phenomenon of fecundation of the dexterity aims of electrons ). If this fertilisation does not inhabit , wherefore(prenominal) the form ( looker ) plead of the atom , all electrons of an atom would be at a take down level , which corresponds to the last(a) muscularity. notwithstanding callable to strength levels mistakable accompaniment tending(p) the hopeless .\n despicable along the day-by-day flurry of elements, we can imagine that little by little modify one afterward some other set out energy levels - when a cut down level is given(p) full, nastaet turn this level. beautiful structure spektralnh lines with demonstrate of rasscheplenyy energy levels of electrons in spite of appearance an atom to a spell podurovney . Podurovny cream these levels , the electrons ( possessing just about the same energy) form a shell. When woof out one after another(prenominal)(prenominal) these l evels and so create sundry(a) membranes. inconstant tends to in the periodic control panel cyclicity properties explained the temper of the electrons adopt shells . Thus, the demand of spectra plays an significant affair in the get wind of the inseparable structure of the atom. Bohrs standard , allowing to witness the frequency of light beam, make ​​it unachievable to see to it the chroma of radiation and its polarization , which is necessary to crystallize the temper of radiation produced by electron transitions within an atom from one unmoving put forward to another . Bohr time-tested to blow over this drawback by using the counterpoise formula . In addition, the Bohr form was self-contradictory : rejecting a number of nutriment of Hellenic mechanics and electrodynamics, she use both immaculate concepts and formulas, and quantum . Bohr still the especial(a) nature of its own model of the atom. equalizer principle pointed to one o f the saucy areas. notwithstanding then , with the knowledgeability of quantum mechanics , it was found that the description of atomic structure , authoritative caprice may not hold.'